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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication Medicines are a great option to treat anxiety-related symptoms. Psychiatrists are trained in the use and prescription of medications. They can prescribe the correct medication to minimize side effects. Typical anxiety disorder treatment is three-pronged and consists of psychotherapy, exercise and medication. SSRIs are the first-choice medication to treat anxiety, however they may take a few weeks for them to be effective. SSRIs SSRIs are the medication that are most commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders. The latest SSRIs are less likely to trigger adverse effects than older tricyclics and monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants. There are a variety of SSRIs have been approved by the FDA to treat anxiety disorders that are generalized. These include fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paraxetine, (aka Paxil), and sertraline, (aka Zoloft), as along with citalopram (aka Celexa). These medications can increase serotonin in the brain, and could also help boost norepinephrine or BDNF. They are able to be utilized in conjunction with psychotherapy or alone. SSRIs may cause negative effects, such as stomach and nausea, but these usually improve as the body becomes used to the medication. The exact mechanism by which SSRIs work for anxiety is not fully understood. However, it is believed that they block the reuptake of serotonin from the post-synaptic neurons and increase the amount of serotonin within the synaptic gap. This increases the signaling across the synapses, which reduces anxiety symptoms. SSRIs can decrease anxiety and the intensity of panic attacks. They also aid in the treatment of depression and other mental health issues that often co-occur with anxiety disorders. They can be used with cognitive behavior therapy or psychotherapy to improve their effectiveness. SSRIs aren't addictive unlike other antidepressants. generalized anxiety disorder is nevertheless important to follow the prescriptions of your doctor. If you suddenly stop taking your medication, it could cause “discontinuation” syndrome and anxiety symptoms to return. If SSRIs do not work for you, then your doctor might suggest an alternative class of antidepressants, such as nefazodone, mirtazapine. These medications may be effective, but they have a greater chance of causing adverse reactions than the newer SSRIs. SSRIs can interact with certain foods, such as eggs, red meat, dairy, and some fruits and vegetables. If you are taking these medicines, it is a good suggestion to avoid these food items. It is also advised to avoid drinking alcohol while taking SSRIs because it can cause a number of side effects. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines increase the calming effects of certain chemical substances within the nervous system and brain. They enhance the effects of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acids (GABA), a substance that inhibits nerve activity. These drugs are effective in treating insomnia, anxiety and other mental disorders. They can be addictive, and should only be used for brief periods under medical supervision. Benzos may be harmful when taken recreationally or mixed with other substances, including alcohol. The use of medication is often the first thing that people seek out when they suffer from an anxiety disorder However, they're not the only option for treatment. Psychotherapy, or talk therapy, has been proven to help decrease the symptoms of anxiety disorder. There are a myriad of psychotherapies, but cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is the most popular and effective. This kind of psychotherapy teaches you how to alter your thoughts and behaviors so that you don't feel stressed as much. Alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, clorazepate, lorazepam and quazepam are among the most common benzodiazepines. They all share the same physical properties, but each has its own distinct side effects and pharmacological profile. Clorazepate for instance is more effective in treating seizure disorders compared to other benzodiazepines. Lorazepam, on the other hand, is superior at treating anxiety disorders than quazepam. Benzodiazepines are very effective but they should not be used long-term since they can lead to physical dependence and tolerance. In addition, they can cause withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking them abruptly like sweating, a heart beating and shaking. The symptoms can be unpleasant and last for a few weeks. However they can be slowed down by reducing the medication gradually. panic anxiety disorder can be very addictive and should be taken only for a short period of time – usually no more than 4 weeks. You will need to monitor your heart rate, blood pressure and breathing closely during this period to ensure that you don't have a severe reaction. If you're considering getting a benzodiazepine prescription, speak with your doctor about your history of using substances. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are employed to treat anxiety-related issues. They stop adrenaline from binding to beta receptors in your nervous system, preventing the hormone from triggering physical reactions like heart tremors and heart palpitations. These drugs are commonly used to treat high blood pressure and other cardiovascular conditions however they can be prescribed off-label in cases of anxiety. If you are stressed, your body produces a chemical known as adrenaline which signals your body to prepare for fight or flight. Adrenaline is a beta receptor that is found in the brain and the heart and causes your heart to beat more quickly and triggering a variety of physical reactions. Beta-blockers are class medications that treat hypertension and other heart ailments. They block adrenaline's binding action. This helps to lower the heart rate and blood pressure. Contrary to SSRIs and benzodiazepines, which take a few weeks or months to show a significant improvement in your symptoms, beta-blockers work quickly. This makes them an excellent alternative for those who require immediate relief from anxiety-related symptoms like those who must give speeches in public or take an airplane. They are also a good alternative for people suffering from anxiety and chronic heart conditions, such as atherosclerosis or congestive cardiac failure. Although beta-blockers are effective at decreasing physical symptoms of anxiety, they do not treat the root of the disorder. This is why they are usually prescribed as a part of an overall treatment program that includes counseling and lifestyle adjustments. However, they can be an effective option for those who have tried other anti-anxiety medications and do not find them to be effective or cause unacceptable side effects. Propranolol, atenolol, as well as other beta-blockers are all available. Your doctor will determine which beta-blocker is right for you depending on your medical history and health status. The use of these medicines can cause negative side effects, including low blood pressure or fatigue, so it is important to discuss your treatment options with your physician. MAOIs Monoamine Oxase inhibitors (MAOIs) were developed in the 1950s as an antidepressant, work for a variety of anxiety and depression disorders. However, they are not utilized as often as SSRIs or other antidepressants due the requirement for strict dietary restrictions and risks of drug interactions. Certain MAOIs are available in tablet form and can be taken orally, whereas others (such Emsam) are applied as a transdermal skin patch. MAOIs block the action of MAO and increase the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. These neurotransmitters play an important role in sleep, mood, and appetite, as also in sexual function. MAOIs also have effects on anxiety. However, they are more likely to cause side effects than TCAs and SSRIs and come with warnings in boxes for suicide. In addition to the MAOIs listed below your doctor may prescribe other treatments or medications that could help manage your symptoms. For example, a beta-blocker (such as propranolol) is frequently prescribed to alleviate physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor may also suggest a relaxation technique or other treatments at home to help ease your symptoms. The original MAOI, Iproniazid, was discovered during tuberculosis research in 1952. It was quickly discovered that it could possess mood-enhancing properties and is regarded as the first antidepressant medication. Typically, MAOIs can only be used when other antidepressants don't work, as they may cause serious adverse effects that require immediate medical attention. It could trigger a serious reaction resulting in high blood pressure when you take an MAOI while eating foods that contain tyramine. Tyramine is present in a wide variety of cheeses and red meats as well as in fish, shellfish and a few dietary supplements. Symptoms of this severe reaction include nausea, throbbing headaches vomiting, as well as a fast heart rate. MAOIs can also interact with other medications and can cause severe side effects like suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Your doctor will discuss your dietary requirements with you prior to prescribing MAOIs. He or she will tell you to stay clear of eating food items that contain tyramine when you are taking the medication. The doctor will also provide the list of foods that is safe to eat when taking MAOIs. This food guide can help you stay clear of MAOI-related side effects.